Extra

Meta Hits a Sour Note in Italy

April 14, 2023By Paul Sweeting

EXTRA Facebook-parent Meta last month suddenly began removing music by Italian songwriters from its various platforms, after failing to renew is licensing agreement with the Italian Society of Authors and Publishers (SIAE), the main collecting society for Italian writers and publishers. This month, the Italian Competition Authority (AGCM) launched an investigation into Meta’s handling of those negotiations. According to AGCM, Meta “could have unduly interrupted the negotiations for licensing the use, on its platforms, of musical rights thus abusing SIAE’s economic dependence.”

Generative AI Scales Up

March 19, 2023By Paul Sweeting

EXTRA The Ides of March this year fell in the middle of what turned out to be another busy week on the generative AI front. And, while perhaps not holding quite the same dire portent as for Caesar, the fallout from the events around that date could prove dramatic nonetheless. On Tuesday, OpenAI released its Generative Pre-trained Transformer version four (GPT-4) and an enhanced, GPT-4-powered edition of its ChatGPT bot. On Wednesday, the U.S. Copyright Office issued a new policy statement regarding the registration of works created in whole or in part by generative AI tools and announced plans to launch a formal inquiry into “a wide range” of issues arising from generative AI.

Picture This: With Copyright, Everything New is Old Again

February 13, 2023By Paul Sweeting

EXTRA: Oscar Wilde once famously quipped, “The only duty we owe to history is to rewrite it.” So it is somehow fitting that a historic Supreme Court case involving a photograph of Wilde would become a fulcrum point in the latest legal dustup over the proper historic reading of the Copyright Act. The historic case in question is Burrow-Giles Lithographic Co. v. Sarony, decided in 1884. It features prominently in the lawsuit filed by Dr. Stephen Thaler against the U.S. Copyright Office over the office’s refusal to register a piece of art Thaler claims was “created autonomously” by an AI engine of Thaler’s own design.

Generative AI: Beyond Copyright?

February 7, 2023By Paul Sweeting

EXTRA From the days of player pianos if not earlier, new technologies have often discomfited creators and copyright owners, at least when the technology is first introduced. Radio was initially seen as a mortal threat to songwriters and music publishers fearful of its effect on sheet music sales. The VCR, in the immortal words of then-Motion Picture Assn. of America CEO Jack Valenti, was to the Hollywood studios “like the Boston Strangler to a woman home alone.” The MP3 compression format was the bane of the recorded music business.

Un-Googling the News

January 25, 2023By Paul Sweeting

EXTRA It has long been the case that many of the conflicts between rights owners and online platform operators that play out as copyright disputes have as much to do with the mechanics of value capture in online markets as with any of the exclusive rights of copyright owners. There are a number of reasons for that conflation, many beyond the scope of this blog. But one big reason is that copyright law does in fact endow authors and their assignees with explicitly defined exclusive rights, the infringement of any one of which can trigger potentially ruinous statutory damages. It’s the biggest hammer in rights owners’ legal toolkit and in many ways the easiest to wield.

The Ins and Outs of AI Art and Copyright

January 17, 2023By Paul Sweeting

EXTRA A trio of artists last week filed a lawsuit in U.S. District Court in San Francisco against the developers of Stable Diffusion, Midjourney and DeviantArt, charging them with copyright infringement for scraping millions of images from the internet and using them without permission to train their artificial intelligence-based image-generating software. The complaint, which asks the court to certify it as a class action, also charges the defendants with unfair competition and violating the plaintiffs’ right of publicity under California law for advertising their AI’s ability to create works “in the style of” named artists.

Reading Up on Digital Disruption

January 11, 2023By Paul Sweeting

EXTRA Apropos our previous post on the continued vitality of used hardcover and paperback book sales in this otherwise digital age, the folks at OverDrive are out with some data on the flip side of that story. Among the 88,000 schools and libraries worldwide for which OverDrive provides licensed access to e-books, audiobooks, magazines and other print material in digital formats, readers borrowed 555 million digital items in 2022, up a healthy 10% over 2021. The amount and scope of material in circulation also expanded, as OverDrive added 1 million titles to its digital collections from 73 new content partners.

Second Hand Education

January 4, 2023By Paul Sweeting

EXTRA All of us here at the RightsTech Project wish everyone a happy and prosperous 2023.

Looking back at 2022 one of the more interesting, if unexpected, rights-related sectors to prosper during the year was used-book sales. According to the international research outfit WordsRated, sales of used books rose 5.5% over 2021, to reach $24.03 billion worldwide, or roughly 15% of total global book sales. The group further expects that growth to continue, or even accelerate, over the next decade at a compound annual rate of 6.6%, with sales reaching $45.53 billion by 2032.

Creators, Copyright and Competition: An Ocean of Difference

December 1, 2022By Paul Sweeting

EXTRA It seems our suggestion last month that heavily concentrated copyright industries may come in for heightened antitrust scrutiny in the wake of the U.S. Justice Department’s successful bid to block Penguin Random House from acquiring its Big Five publishing rival Simon & Schuster, and its emphasis on the merger’s impact on authors, may have been premature.

The Rights Side of Antitrust Law

November 14, 2022By Paul Sweeting

EXTRA The verdict in Justice Departments lawsuit to block Big Five publishing house Penguin Random House from acquiring rival Simon & Schuster was as notable as it was unusual. It was unusual in that the case brought by DOJ against the merger cut very much against the grain of the last 30 years of antitrust jurisprudence in the U.S.